Incidence and risk factors of loss to follow-up among HIV-infected children in an antiretroviral treatment program

English version

Autoři: Suttipong Kawilapat ^aff001; Nicolas Salvadori ^aff001; Nicole Ngo-Giang-Huong ^aff001; Luc Decker ^aff001; Suparat Kanjanavanit ^aff005; Achara Puangsombat ^aff006; Kanchana Preedisripipat ^aff007; Narong Lertpienthum ^aff008; Noppadon Akarathum ^aff009; Jutarat Mekmullica ^aff010; Ussanee Srirompotong ^aff011; Marc Lallemant ^aff001; Sophie Le Coeur ^aff001; Patrinee Traisathit ^aff001; Charline Leroi ^aff001; Gonzague Jourdain ^aff001
Působiště autorů: Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD, France), U174 –PHPT, Chiang Mai, Thailand ^aff001; Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand ^aff002; Graduate Program in Applied Statistics, Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand ^aff003; Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America ^aff004; Nakornping Hospital, Chiang Mai, Thailand ^aff005; Samutprakarn Hospital, Samutprakarn, Thailand ^aff006; Chiangrai Prachanukroh Hospital, Chiang Rai, Thailand ^aff007; Buddhachinaraj Hospital, Phitsanulok, Thailand ^aff008; Sanpatong Hospital, Chiang Mai, Thailand ^aff009; Bhumibol Adulyadej Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand ^aff010; Khon Kaen Hospital, Khon Kaen, Thailand ^aff011; Institut National d'Etudes Démographiques (INED), Paris, France ^aff012; Data Science Research Center, Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand ^aff013
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(9)
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0222082

Souhrn

Introduction

The success of antiretroviral treatment (ART) programs can be compromised by high rates of patient loss to follow-up (LTFU). We assessed the incidence and risk factors of LTFU in a large cohort of HIV-infected children receiving ART in Thailand.

Methods

All children participating in a multicenter cohort (NCT00433030) between 1999 and 2014 were included. The date of LTFU was 9 months after the last contact date. ART interruption was defined as ART discontinuation for more than 7 days followed by resumption of treatment. Baseline and time-dependent risk factors associated with LTFU were identified using Fine and Gray competing risk regression models with death or referral to another hospital as competing events.

Results

Of 873 children who were followed during a median of 8.6 years (interquartile range 4.5–10.6), 196 were LTFU, 73 died, and 195 referred. The cumulative incidence of LTFU was 2.9% at 1 year, 7.3% at 5 years and 22.2% at 10 years. Children aged 13 years and more had a 3-fold higher risk (95% confidence interval 2.06–4.78) of LTFU than those younger. Children who had interrupted ART within the previous year had a 2.5-fold higher risk (1.12–5.91) than those who had not. The risk of LTFU was lower in children stunted (height-for-age Z-scores <-2 SD) (0.42–0.96) or underweight (weight-for-age Z-scores <-2 SD) (0.24–0.97).

Conclusion

Adolescence, ART interruption and absence of growth deficit were associated with LTFU. These may be warnings that should draw clinicians’ attention and possibly trigger specific interventions. Children with no significant growth retardation may also be at risk of LTFU.

Klíčová slova:

anémia – Biology and life sciences – Organisms – People and places – Population groupings – Geographical locations – Anatomy – Medicine and health sciences – Microbiology – Medical microbiology – Microbial pathogens – Pathology and laboratory medicine – Pathogens – Physiology – Pharmacology – Viral pathogens – Immunodeficiency viruses – HIV – Retroviruses – Lentivirus – Viruses – RNA viruses – Immunology – Body fluids – Blood – Vaccination and immunization – Public and occupational health – Preventive medicine – Antiviral therapy – Hematology – Virology – Microbial control – Antimicrobials – Drugs – Age groups – Children – Families – Antivirals – Antiretrovirals – Asia – Epidemiology – Medical risk factors – Blood counts – Thailand

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