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A systematic review and network meta-analysis of existing pharmacologic therapies in patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss


Autoři: Nadera Ahmadzai aff001;  Shaun Kilty aff001;  Wei Cheng aff001;  Leila Esmaeilisaraji aff001;  Dianna Wolfe aff001;  James P Bonaparte aff002;  David Schramm aff001;  Elizabeth Fitzpatrick;  Vincent Lin aff004;  Becky Skidmore aff001;  David Moher aff001;  Brian Hutton aff001
Působiště autorů: Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada aff001;  Department of ENT, the Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada aff002;  Dr. S. Kilty Medicine Prof. Corp, Ottawa, Canada aff003;  Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada aff004;  Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada aff005;  Department of Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada aff006;  Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada aff007;  University of Ottawa School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Ottawa, Canada aff008
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(9)
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0221713

Souhrn

Background

Hearing loss is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. Patients with hearing loss experience impaired quality of life, as well as emotional and financial consequences that affect both themselves and their families. Idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL) is a common but difficult to treat condition that has a sudden onset of ≤ 72 hour associated with various etiologies, with the majority of cases being idiopathic. There exists a wide range of therapeutic options, however, the uncertainty surrounding their comparative efficacy and safety makes selection of treatment difficult. This systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) assessed the relative effects of competing treatments for management of ISSNHL.

Methods

A protocol for this review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42017073756). A detailed search of MEDLINE, Embase and the Cochrane Library from inception to February 8th, 2018 was carried out by an experienced information specialist. Grey literature was also searched. Screening full-text records, and risk of bias assessment were carried out independently by two reviewers, and disagreements were resolved through consensus or third party adjudication, while data was collected by one reviewer and verified by a second reviewer. Bayesian network meta-analyses (NMA) were performed to inform comparisons between interventions for a priori specified outcomes that included pure tone average (PTA) improvement and hearing recovery.

Results

The search identified a total of 1,138 citations, of which 613 remained for review after removal of duplicates. Of these, 23 publications describing 19 unique studies (total sample size of 1,527) met our a priori eligibility criteria, that were assessed to be at unclear or high risk of bias on several domains. We identified data on several interventions for ISSNHL therapy and were able to construct treatment networks consisting of six intervention groups that included placebo; intratympanic (IT) steroid; IT plus systemic steroid; per oral (PO) steroid; intravenous (IV) steroid; and IV plus PO steroid for our NMAs. IT plus systemic steroids demonstrated the largest difference in PTA improvement compared to placebo (25.85 dB, 95% CrI 7.18–40.58), followed by IV plus PO steroids (22.06 dB, 95% CrI 1.24–39.17), IT steroids (18.24 dB, 95% CrI 3.00–29.81). We observed that the difference of PTA improvement between each intervention and placebo diminished over time, attributed to spontaneous recovery. The binary outcomes of hearing recovery demonstrated similar relative ordering of interventions but were less sensitive than PTA improvement to capture the significant differences between interventions and placebo.

Conclusion

Unclear to high risk of bias trials rated IT plus systemic steroid treatment as the best among the six interventions compared, and all active treatments were better than placebo in improving PTA. However, it should be noted that certain comparisons were based on indirect evidence only or few studies of small sample size, and analyses were unable to control for steroid type and dosage. Given these limitations, further data originating from methodologically sound and rigorous trials with adequate reporting are needed to confirm our findings.

Klíčová slova:

Physical sciences – Chemistry – Research and analysis methods – Computer and information sciences – Network analysis – Mathematics – Medicine and health sciences – Chemical compounds – Organic compounds – Organic chemistry – Statistics – Mathematical and statistical techniques – Statistical methods – Metaanalysis – Pharmaceutics – Drug therapy – Research assessment – Systematic reviews – Otorhinolaryngology – Steroids – Steroid therapy – Otology – Hearing disorders – Deafness – Vertigo


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