Phylogeography of the dugong (Dugong dugon) based on historical samples identifies vulnerable Indian Ocean populations

English version

Autoři: Stephanie Plön ^aff001; Vibha Thakur ^aff002; Leslee Parr ^aff003; Shane D. Lavery ^aff002
Působiště autorů: African Earth Observation Network (AEON)- Earth Stewardship Science Research Institute (ESSRI), Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa ^aff001; School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand ^aff002; Department of Biological Sciences, San José State University, San José, California, United States of America ^aff003; Institute of Marine Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand ^aff004
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(9)
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0219350

Souhrn

We investigated the phylogeography of the dugong (Dugong dugon) across its original range using museum material from 14 natural history museum and university collections. The mitochondrial DNA control region was successfully amplified from samples of bone or tooth powder from 162 individuals. These samples range from 1827 to 1996 and span the historical distribution range of the dugong. We were able to successfully amplify overlapping fragments of the D-loop region of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) resulting in sequences of a 355 bp fragment for 162 individuals for the final analyses. This included a new sequence (189 bp) from a previously unidentified piece of skin of the extinct Steller’s sea cow (Hydrodamalis gigas), as an outgroup. The resulting dugong sequences match those from previous studies of dugongs from Australia and Indonesia, but revealed several new and divergent mtDNA lineages in the Indian Ocean. One mtDNA lineage includes most specimens from the Western Indian Ocean, with another distinct lineage isolated to nearby Madagascar and Comores. There is little geographic structuring detectable among other populations in the Western Indian Ocean and all populations from that region appear to have historically contained comparatively low levels of genetic diversity. The genetic diversity of several Indian Ocean samples collected after 1950 was lower than that of the samples collected earlier from similar locations, a result coincident with the anecdotal reductions in population size. The new lineages and potential loss of diversity highlight the particular conservation importance and vulnerability of dugong populations in the Western Indian Ocean.

Klíčová slova:

DNA – Biology and life sciences – Genetics – Biochemistry – Nucleic acids – Research and analysis methods – Evolutionary biology – Database and informatics methods – Bioinformatics – Sequence analysis – Sequence alignment – People and places – Population biology – Geographical locations – Population genetics – Africa – Earth sciences – Geography – Ecology and environmental sciences – Ecology – Ecological metrics – Species diversity – Forms of DNA – Mitochondrial DNA – Phylogeography – Biogeography – Marine and aquatic sciences – Bodies of water – Conservation science – Conservation genetics – Conservation biology – Oceans – Indian Ocean – Madagascar

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Phylogeography of the dugong (Dugong dugon) based on historical samples identifies vulnerable Indian Ocean populations

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