Falls among community-dwelling older adults in Ethiopia; A preliminary cross-sectional study

English version

Autoři: Balamurugan Janakiraman ^aff001; Melaku Hailu Temesgen ^aff002; Gashaw Jember ^aff001; Asmare Yitayeh Gelaw ^aff001; Berihu Fisseha Gebremeskel ^aff002; Hariharasudhan Ravichandran ^aff002; Emnet Worku ^aff001; Yohannes Abich ^aff001; Fekadu Yilak ^aff001; Misganaw Belay ^aff001
Působiště autorů: Department of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar and Gondar University Specialized Comprehensive Hospital, Gondar, Ethiopia ^aff001; Department of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences and Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia ^aff002; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia ^aff003
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(9)
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0221875

Souhrn

Background

Falls among older adults is a common precipitating factor for unintentional injuries and represent a major health problem associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and health care cost in low-and-middle-income countries. The burden of fall in this population is well established in high-income countries and scant attention is given to this precipitating factor in low-and-middle-income countries, including Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence and factors associated with fall among community-dwelling older adults in Ethiopia.

Methods

A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among community-dwelling older adults of Gondar. Multi-stage random sampling technique was used across administrative areas. Six hundred and five households were selected proportionally using systematic random sampling technique. Physical measurement and face to face interview method were employed using a structured questionnaire for data collection. Data were analyzed descriptively and through uni- and multivariate logistic regression model.

Results

One hundred and seventy (n = 170, 28.4%; 95% CI 24.7–32.1) community-dwelling older adults reported having experienced fall in the past 12 months. Sex (OR = 1.91, 95% CI: 1.24–2.95), low educational status (OR = 2.37, 95% CI: 1.19–4.74), uncomfortable home environment (OR = 2.02, 95% CI: 1.34, 3.04), having diagnosed medical condition (OR = 4.659, 95% CI: 1.20–18.02), and use of medication (OR = 5.57, 95% CI: 1.19–26.21) were significantly associated risk factors of self-reported fall in the past 12 months. Most outdoor falls are associated with females and participants aged below 66 years.

Conclusion

In conclusion, more than 1/4th of the community-dwelling older adults experienced at least one episode of fall and about 60% of them reported recurrent falls. Identifying risk group and risk factors that could be modified so as to prevent falls in older adults deserves attention. Outdoor falls are usually attributable to modifiable environmental aspects and improvements in outdoor environment needed.

Klíčová slova:

Biology and life sciences – Neuroscience – Cognitive science – Social sciences – Sociology – People and places – Population groupings – Geographical locations – Anatomy – Medicine and health sciences – Physiology – Africa – Body fluids – Public and occupational health – Urology – Neurology – Cognitive neurology – Cognitive impairment – Cognitive neuroscience – Education – Age groups – Elderly – Medical education – Medical humanities – Epidemiology – Medical risk factors – Ethiopia – Traumatic injury risk factors – Falls – Urine

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