Fish tank granuloma: An emerging skin disease in Iran mimicking Cutaneous Leishmaniasis

English version

Autoři: Abdolmajid Fata ^aff001; Amin Bojdy ^aff003; Masoud Maleki ^aff004; Bibi Razieh Hosseini Farash ^aff001; Kiarash Ghazvini ^aff005; Parastoo Tajzadeh ^aff006; Vida Vakili ^aff007; Elham Moghaddas ^aff002; Pietro Mastroeni ^aff008; Shadi Rahmani ^aff002
Působiště autorů: Cutaneous leishmaniasis Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Khorasan-e-Razavi, Iran ^aff001; Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Khorasan-e-Razavi, Iran ^aff002; Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Khorasan-e-Razavi, Iran ^aff003; Department of Dermatology, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Khorasan-e-Razavi, Iran ^aff004; Department of Microbiology, Quem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Khorasan-e-Razavi, Iran ^aff005; Department of Medical Lab Sciences, Faculty of nursing, Kashmar, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Khorasan-e-Razavi, Iran ^aff006; Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Khorasan-e-Razavi, Iran ^aff007; Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom ^aff008
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(9)
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0221367

Souhrn

Objective

Mycobacterium marinum causes a rare cutaneous disease known as fish tank granuloma (FTG). The disease manifestations resemble those associated with Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL). The aim of this study was to determine whether FTG was the cause of cutaneous lesions in patients who were referred to the Parasitology laboratory of Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad to be investigated for CL.

Materials/Methods

One hundered patients, clinically diagnosed with CL between April 2014 and March 2015, were included in this study. Ziehl-Neelsen staining was performed to identify acid-fast Mycobacterium in addition to bacterial cultures using Löwenstein-Jensen medium. Skin lesion samples were also collected and kept on DNA banking cards for PCR testing.

Results

Twenty-nine of the 100 individuals with skin lesions, and therefore suspected of suffering from CL, tested positive for Mycobacterium marinum by PCR. Of these, 21 (72.4%) were male and 8(27.6%) were female. In 97% of these cases the lesions were located on hands and fingers. These patients had a history of manipulating fish and had been in contact with aquarium water. A sporotrichoid appearance was observed in 58.6% of the patients with mycobacterial lesions; 67% of patients had multiple head appearance.

Conclusion

Patients suspected to have CL and who test negative for CL could be affected by FTG. Therefore, after obtaining an accurate case history, molecular diagnosis is recommended for cases that give a negative result by conventional methods.

Klíčová slova:

Biology and life sciences – Organisms – Eukaryota – Research and analysis methods – Molecular biology – Molecular biology techniques – Anatomy – Medicine and health sciences – Microbiology – Medical microbiology – Microbial pathogens – Bacterial pathogens – Bacteria – Pathology and laboratory medicine – Pathogens – Diagnostic medicine – Signs and symptoms – Infectious diseases – Tropical diseases – Actinobacteria – Protozoans – Parasitic protozoans – Artificial gene amplification and extension – Polymerase chain reaction – Parasitic diseases – Extraction techniques – Musculoskeletal system – Body limbs – Arms – Neglected tropical diseases – Zoonoses – Protozoan infections – Lesions – Fingers – DNA extraction – Mycobacteria – Leishmaniasis – Leishmania

Zdroje

1. Lewis FMT, Marsh BJ, von Reyn CF. Fish tank exposure and cutaneous infections due to Mycobacterium marinum: tuberculin skin testing, treatment, and prevention. Clin Infect Dis Off Publ Infect Dis Soc Am. 2003;37: 390–397. doi: 10.1086/376628 12884164

2. Johnson MG, Stout JE. Twenty-eight cases of Mycobacterium marinum infection: retrospective case series and literature review. Infection. 2015;43: 655–662. doi: 10.1007/s15010-015-0776-8 25869820

3. Veraldi S, Çuka E, Vaira F, Nazzaro G. Mycobacterium marinum skin infection in a sushi cook. G Ital Dermatol E Venereol Organo Uff Soc Ital Dermatol E Sifilogr. 2016;151: 569–570.

4. Vanhooteghem O, Theate I. Fish pedicure-induced foot mycobacteriosis infection due to Mycobacterium marinum: a first case report. Eur J Dermatol EJD. 2017;27: 299–300. doi: 10.1684/ejd.2017.2976 28677579

5. Asakura T, Ishii M, Kikuchi T, Kameyama K, Namkoong H, Nakata N, et al. Disseminated Mycobacterium marinum Infection With a Destructive Nasal Lesion Mimicking Extranodal NK/T Cell Lymphoma. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016;95. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000003131 26986167

6. Babamahmoodi F, Babamahmoodi A, Nikkhahan B. Review of Mycobacterium marinum Infection Reported From Iran and Report of Three New Cases With Sporotrichoid Presentation. Iran Red Crescent Med J. 2014;16. doi: 10.5812/ircmj.10120 24719723

7. Fata A, Rahmani Khorasani S, Parnian M, Tajzadeh P, Bojdi A, Poustchi E, et al. Cutaneous Leishmaniasis or Fish tank granuloma?:Which one is the Correct Diagnosis? A Case series Study on Fish tank Granuloma with Primary Diagnosis of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Mashhad, IRAN. J Paramed Sci Rehabil. 2017;6: 80–85. doi: 10.22038/jpsr.2017.14754.1376

8. Griffith DE, Aksamit T, Brown-Elliott BA, Catanzaro A, Daley C, Gordin F, et al. An Official ATS/IDSA Statement: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention of Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Diseases. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2007;175: 367–416. doi: 10.1164/rccm.200604-571ST 17277290

9. Loria PR. Minocycline hydrochloride treatment for atypical acid-fast infection. Arch Dermatol. 1976;112: 517–519. 1267459

10. Edelstein H. Mycobacterium marinum skin infections. Report of 31 cases and review of the literature. Arch Intern Med. 1994;154: 1359–1364. doi: 10.1001/archinte.154.12.1359 8002687

11. Steinbrink J, Alexis M, Angulo-Thompson D, Ramesh M, Alangaden G, Miceli MH. Mycobacterium marinum remains an unrecognized cause of indolent skin infections. Cutis. 2017;100: 331–336. 29232419

12. Nazzaro G, Rovaris M, Veraldi S. Leishmaniasis: a disease with many names. JAMA Dermatol. 2014;150: 1204. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2014.1015 25389793

13. Neitzke-Abreu HC, Venazzi MS, de Lima Scodro RB, Zanzarini PD, da Silva Fernandes ACB, Aristides SMA, et al. Cutaneous leishmaniasis with atypical clinical manifestations: Case report. IDCases. 2014;1: 60–62. doi: 10.1016/j.idcr.2014.07.003 26955529

14. Akilov OE, Khachemoune A, Hasan T. Clinical manifestations and classification of Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis. Int J Dermatol. 2007;46: 132–142. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2007.03154.x 17269962

15. de Vries HJC, Reedijk SH, Schallig HDFH. Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: Recent Developments in Diagnosis and Management. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2015;16: 99–109. doi: 10.1007/s40257-015-0114-z 25687688

16. Collins CH, Grange JM, Noble WC, Yates MD. Mycobacterium marinum infections in man. J Hyg (Lond). 1985;94: 135–149.

17. Kox LF, Kuijper S, Kolk AH. Early diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis by polymerase chain reaction. Neurology. 1995;45: 2228–2232. doi: 10.1212/wnl.45.12.2228 8848198

18. Holakouie-Naieni K, Mostafavi E, Boloorani AD, Mohebali M, Pakzad R. Spatial modeling of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran from 1983 to 2013. Acta Trop. 2017;166: 67–73. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2016.11.004 27836499

19. Fata A, Hoseini Farash BR, Mohajery M, Shamsian SA, Rezaee A, Yazdanpanah MJ. Anthroponotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Torghabeh—Shandiz, a Region With Rural Texture (A Molecular Study). Jundishapur J Microbiol. 2013;6: 1–3.

20. Hosseini Farash BR, Shamsian SA, Rezaee A, Yazdanpanah MJ. Anthroponotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Torghabeh—Shandiz, a Region with Rural Texture (A Molecular Study). Jundishapur J Microbiol. 2013;6: 1–3. Available: http://www.academia.edu/9147832/Anthroponotic_Cutaneous_Leishmaniasis_in_Torghabeh_-_Shandiz_a_Region_With_Rural_Texture_A_Molecular_Study_

21. Neonakis IK, Gitti Z, Krambovitis E, Spandidos DA. Molecular diagnostic tools in mycobacteriology. J Microbiol Methods. 2008;75: 1–11. doi: 10.1016/j.mimet.2008.05.023 18599139

22. Khazaei S, Hafshejani AM, Saatchi M, Salehiniya H, Nematollahi S. Epidemiological Aspects of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Iran. Arch Clin Infect Dis. 2015;10: 1–5.

23. Khajedaluee M, Yazdanpanah MJ, SeyedNozadi S, Fata A, Juya MR, Masoudi MH, et al. Epidemiology of cutaneous leishmaniasis in population covered by Mashhad university of medical sciences in 2011. Med J Mashhad Univ Med Sci. 2014;57: 647–654.

24. Karim S, Devani A, Brassard A. Answer: Can you identify this condition? Can Fam Physician. 2013;59: 53–54.

25. Dolenc-Voljc M, Zolnir-Dovc M. Delayed diagnosis of Mycobacterium marinum infection: A case report and review of the literature. Acta Dermatovenerol Alp Pannonica Adriat. 2010;19: 35–39.

26. Nazari M, Nazari S, Hanafi-Bojd AA, Najafi A, Nazari S. Situation analysis of cutaneous leishmaniasis in an endemic area, south of Iran. Asian Pac J Trop Med. 2017;10: 92–97. doi: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2016.12.001 28107873

27. Abedi-Astaneh F, Hajjaran H, Yaghoobi-Ershadi MR, Hanafi-Bojd AA, Mohebali M, Shirzadi MR, et al. Risk Mapping and Situational Analysis of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in an Endemic Area of Central Iran: A GIS-Based Survey. PLOS ONE. 2016;11: e0161317. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161317 27574805

28. Barańska-rybak W. Swimming pool granuloma–difficult diagnostic problem. Postepy Dermatol Alergol. Available: http://www.academia.edu/30162555/Swimming_pool_granuloma_difficult_diagnostic_problem

29. Gluckman SJ. Mycobacterium marinum. Clin Dermatol. 1995;13: 273–276. 8521369

30. Johnston JM, Izumi AK. 10 Cutaneous Mycobacterium marinum infection (“swimming pool granuloma”). Clin Dermatol. 1987;5: 68–75. doi: 10.1016/s0738-081x(87)80011-1 3311342

31. Cutaneous leishmaniasis in children: A case series [Internet]. 24 Dec 2017 [cited 24 Dec 2017]. Available: http://www.ijpd.in/preprintarticle.asp?id=216942;type=0

32. Y HAMZAVI, KHADEMI N. Trend of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Kermanshah Province, West of Iran from 1990 To 2012. Iran J Parasitol. 2015;10: 78–86. 25904949

33. Bartralot R, Pujol RM, García-Patos V, Sitjas D, Martín-Casabona N, Coll P, et al. Cutaneous infections due to nontuberculous mycobacteria: histopathological review of 28 cases. Comparative study between lesions observed in immunosuppressed patients and normal hosts. J Cutan Pathol. 2000;27: 124–129. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-0560.2000.027003124.x 10728814

34. Dodiuk-Gad R, Dyachenko P, Ziv M, Shani-Adir A, Oren Y, Mendelovici S, et al. Nontuberculous mycobacterial infections of the skin: A retrospective study of 25 cases. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2007;57: 413–420. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2007.01.042 17368631

35. Streit M, Bregenzer T, Heinzer I. Hautinfektionen durch atypische MykobakterienCutaneous infections due to atypyical mycobacteria. Hautarzt. 2008;59: 59–71. doi: 10.1007/s00105-007-1447-1 18209995

36. Ang P, Rattana-Apiromyakij N, Goh CL. Retrospective study of Mycobacterium marinum skin infections. Int J Dermatol. 2000;39: 343–347. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-4362.2000.00916.x 10849123

37. Pourmohammadi B, Motazedian M, Hatam G, Kalantari M, Habibi P, Sarkari B. Comparison of Three Methods for Diagnosis of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis. Iran J Parasitol. 2010;5: 1–8.

38. Wortmann G, Hochberg LP, Arana BA, Rizzo NR, Arana F, Ryan JR. Diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Guatemala using a real-time polymerase chain reaction assay and the Smartcycler. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2007;76: 906–908. 17488914

39. Weigle KA, Labrada LA, Lozano C, Santrich C, Barker DC. PCR-based diagnosis of acute and chronic cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania (Viannia). J Clin Microbiol. 2002;40: 601–606. doi: 10.1128/JCM.40.2.601-606.2002 11825977

40. Pate M, Jencic V, Zolnir-Dovc M, Ocepek M. Detection of mycobacteria in aquarium fish in Slovenia by culture and molecular methods. Dis Aquat Organ. 2005;64: 29–35. doi: 10.3354/dao064029 15900685

41. Beldi N, Mansouri R, Bettaieb J, Yaacoub A, Souguir Omrani H, Saadi Ben Aoun Y, et al. Molecular Characterization of Leishmania Parasites in Giemsa-Stained Slides from Cases of Human Cutaneous and Visceral Leishmaniasis, Eastern Algeria. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2017;17: 416–424. doi: 10.1089/vbz.2016.2071 28301305

42. Rakotosamimanana N, Rabodoarivelo MS, Palomino JC, Martin A, Razanamparany VR. Exploring tuberculosis by molecular tests on DNA isolated from smear microscopy slides. Int J Infect Dis. 2017;56: 248–252. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.12.005 27979786

43. Izadi S, Mirhendi H, Jalalizand N, Khodadadi H, Mohebali M, Nekoeian S, et al. Molecular Epidemiological Survey of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Two Highly Endemic Metropolises of Iran, Application of FTA Cards for DNA Extraction From Giemsa-Stained Slides. Jundishapur J Microbiol. 2016;9. doi: 10.5812/jjm.32885 27127596

44. Fata A, Khamesipour A, Mohajery M, Hosseininejad Z, Afzalaghaei M, Berenji F, et al. Whatman Paper (FTA Cards) for Storing and Transferring Leishmania DNA for PCR Examination. Iran J Parasitol. 2009;4: 37–42.

45. Mohammadi S, Esfahani BN, Moghim S, Mirhendi H, Zaniani FR, Safaei HG, et al. Optimal DNA Isolation Method for Detection of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria by Polymerase Chain Reaction. Adv Biomed Res. 2017;6. doi: 10.4103/2277-9175.199264

46. Miranda A, Saldaña A, González K, Paz H, Santamaría G, Samudio F, et al. Evaluation of PCR for cutaneous leishmaniasis diagnosis and species identification using filter paper samples in Panama, Central America. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2012;106: 544–548. doi: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2012.05.005 22818741